marriage in islam

"Nikah" redirects here. For the film, see Nikah (film).

A Pakistani bride signing marriage certificate

See also: Islamic marital jurisprudence

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In Islam, marriage is a legal contract (Literary Arabic: عقد القران ʻaqd al-qirān, "matrimony contract"; Urdu:نکاح نامہ‎ / ALA-LC: Nikāḥ-nāmah) between two people. Both the groom and the bride are to consent to the marriage of their own free wills. A formal, binding contract is considered integral to a religiously valid Islamic marriage, and outlines the rights and responsibilities of the groom and bride. There must be two Muslim witnesses of the marriage contract. Divorce (also called Tallaq in Arabic) is permitted and can primarily be issued by the groom. However, the bride also has the right to initiate the demand for the divorce. The actual rules of marriage and divorce (often part of Personal Status Laws) can differ from country to country, based on codified law and the school of jurisprudence that is largely followed in that country.^[1]

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In addition to the usual marriage until death or divorce, there is a different fixed-term marriage known aszawāj al-mutʻah ("temporary marriage") permitted only by the Twelver branch of Shia Islam for a pre-fixed period. There is also Nikah Misyar, a non-temporary marriage with the removal of some conditions permitted by some Sunni Muslims, which usually amount to the wife waiving her right to sustenance from her husband.

Islam is totally opposed to monasticism and celibacy.^[2] Marriage is an act of Sunnah in Islam and is strongly recommended.^[2][3]